What PSA means
PSA (prostate-specific antigen) rises naturally with age and prostate size. It can also go up with infection, inflammation, recent ejaculation or vigorous exercise, as well as with prostate cancer. A single reading is a starting point, not a diagnosis.
Common reasons PSA is raised
An enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
Prostate infection or inflammation (prostatitis)
A urinary infection or recent catheter
Recent ejaculation, cycling or a prostate examination
Prostate cancer, which is why assessment matters
How it is assessed
01
Review and examination
PSA history, symptoms and a gentle examination.
02
Prostate MRI
A scan to look for any area that needs a closer look.
03
Targeted biopsy, if needed
Transperineal biopsy under local anaesthetic.
What happens next
Depending on your results, Mr Pang will explain the options, including monitoring your PSA over time when that is the safest choice.
PSA monitoring
Repeat tests at agreed intervals when the risk is low.
Learn more
Treating the cause
For example, an infection or an enlarged prostate.
Learn more
Transperineal biopsy
When MRI or PSA trends suggest a closer look.
Learn more
Specialist referral
Fast-track onward care if cancer is found.
Learn more
When to seek help
See a specialist if your PSA is raised or rising, or if you notice blood in your urine, a weak flow or pain. Earlier assessment gives you more options.
Questions about a raised PSA
Does a raised PSA mean I have cancer?
Not necessarily. PSA can rise for several reasons. An MRI and, if needed, a biopsy give a clear answer.
Do I need a biopsy straight away?
Answer to follow: awaiting client copy.
How often should PSA be checked?
Answer to follow: awaiting client copy.
